Betula humilis
Taxonomy: Spermatophyta, Fagales, Betulaceae, Betula
Published: 2005-06-01
Pollen Description
Shape, Size and Aperture
pollen unit: monad, dispersal unit and peculiarities: monad, size (pollen unit): small (10-25 µm), size of hydrated pollen (LM): -, shortest polar axis in equatorial view (LM): -, longest polar axis in equatorial view (LM): -, shortest diameter in equatorial or polar view (LM): -, longest diameter in equatorial or polar view (LM): -, pollen class: -, polarity: isopolar, P/E-ratio: -, shape: spheroidal, outline in polar view: circular, dominant orientation (LM): -, P/E-ratio (dry pollen): -, shape (dry pollen): irregular, outline in polar view (dry pollen): irregular, infoldings (dry pollen): irregularly infolded, aperture number: 3, aperture type: -, aperture condition: porate, aperture peculiarities: operculum, oncus, annulus
Ornamentation and Structure
LM ornamentation LM: psilate, nexine: -, sexine: -, SEM ornamentation SEM: granulate, rugulate, suprasculpture SEM: -, TEM tectum: eutectate, infratectum: columellate, foot layer: continuous, endexine: absent, intine: monolayered, wall peculiarities: -, supratectal element: -
Miscellaneous
pollen coatings: absent, reserves in cytoplasm: starch, cell number: 2-celled, Ubisch bodies: present
Annotations: tectum very mighty. Dry pollen infoldings irrgular but only interapertural areas sunken.
Author(s) of diagnosis: Halbritter, H.; Diethart, B.
Pictures
1. flower(s)
2. flower(s)
3. pollen grain with generative cell
4. upper focus
5. optical section
6. lower focus
7. polar view
8. equatorial view
9. aperture
10. exine surface
11. dry pollen grains
12. anther wall with Ubisch bodies
13. pollen grain in cross section
14. apertural area of pollen wall
15. pollen wall at transition of aperture and interapertural area
16. interapertural area of pollen wall
17. stacked endoplasmatic reticulum
18. generative cell and vegetative nucleus
19. generative cell and vegetaive nucleus
Picture legend
- flower(s), photographer: Halbritter, H.
- flower(s), photographer: Diethart, B.
- pollen grain with generative cell - dry, rehydrated (water), aceto-carmine, photographer: Diethart, B.
- upper focus - dry, acetolyzed, unstained, photographer: Diethart, B.
- optical section - dry, acetolyzed, unstained, photographer: Diethart, B.
- lower focus - dry, acetolyzed, unstained, photographer: Diethart, B.
- polar view - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
- equatorial view - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
- aperture - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
- exine surface - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
- dry pollen grains - dry, sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
- anther wall with Ubisch bodies - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Diethart, B.
- pollen grain in cross section - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, lipid-test, photographer: Diethart, B.
- apertural area of pollen wall - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, modified Thiéry-test, photographer: Diethart, B.
- pollen wall at transition of aperture and interapertural area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, lipid-test, photographer: Diethart, B.
- interapertural area of pollen wall - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, lipid-test, photographer: Diethart, B.
- stacked endoplasmatic reticulum - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, lipid-test, photographer: Diethart, B.
- generative cell and vegetative nucleus - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, lipid-test, photographer: Diethart, B.
- generative cell and vegetaive nucleus - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, lipid-test, photographer: Diethart, B.
Literature
- (2003) Betulaceae and Corylaceae. In: The Northwest European Pollen Flora 65. Rev Palaeobot Palynol 123: 71-98
Copyright and Citation
Cite this publication as:
Halbritter H., Diethart B. 2005. Betula humilis. In: PalDat - A palynological database. https://www.paldat.org/pub/Betula_humilis/108732;jsessionid=D583B7D19FA335A4BB77A34A4BB64169; accessed 2024-04-19