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PalDat - Palynological Database

an online publication on recent pollen

Plantago major

Taxonomy: Spermatophyta, Scrophulariales, Plantaginaceae, Plantago

Published: 2012-12-04

Pollen Description

Shape, Size and Aperture

pollen unit: monad,  dispersal unit and peculiarities: monad,  size (pollen unit): small (10-25 µm),  size of hydrated pollen (LM): -,  shortest polar axis in equatorial view (LM): -,  longest polar axis in equatorial view (LM): -,  shortest diameter in equatorial or polar view (LM): -,  longest diameter in equatorial or polar view (LM): -,  pollen class: porate,  polarity: isopolar,  P/E-ratio: -,  shape: spheroidal,  outline in polar view: circular,  dominant orientation (LM): -,  P/E-ratio (dry pollen): -,  shape (dry pollen): irregular,  outline in polar view (dry pollen): irregular,  infoldings (dry pollen): irregularly infolded,  aperture number: >6,  aperture type: -,  aperture condition: porate,  aperture peculiarities: pantoaperturate

Ornamentation and Structure

LM  ornamentation LM: verrucate,  nexine: present,  sexine: absent,  SEM  ornamentation SEM: microechinate, verrucate, perforate,  suprasculpture SEM: -,  TEM  tectum: eutectate,  infratectum: columellate,  foot layer: discontinuous,  endexine: compact-discontinuous,  intine: bilayered,  wall peculiarities: -,  supratectal element: -

Miscellaneous

pollen coatings: absent,  reserves in cytoplasm: starch,  cell number: 2-celled,  Ubisch bodies: present

Annotations: Endexine and footlayer discontinuous.

Author(s) of diagnosis: Ulrich, S.

Pictures

habitus

1. habitus

habitus

2. habitus

2-celled pollen

3. 2-celled pollen

acetolysed pollen, upper focus

4. acetolysed pollen, upper focus

acetolysed pollen, optical section

5. acetolysed pollen, optical section

acetolysed pollen, lower focus

6. acetolysed pollen, lower focus

hydrated pollen

7. hydrated pollen

hydrated pollen

8. hydrated pollen

starch

9. starch

hydrated pollen

10. hydrated pollen

hydrated pollen grain

11. hydrated pollen grain

hydrated pollen grain

12. hydrated pollen grain

aperture

13. aperture

aperture

14. aperture

exine surface

15. exine surface

exine surface

16. exine surface

dry pollen grains

17. dry pollen grains

dry pollen grains

18. dry pollen grains

Ubisch bodies on inner anther wall

19. Ubisch bodies on inner anther wall

cross section of pollen grain

20. cross section of pollen grain

pollen wall in aperture area, Ubisch bodies on loculus wall

21. pollen wall in aperture area, Ubisch bodies on loculus wall

pollen wall, aperture area

22. pollen wall, aperture area

pollen wall, interapertural area

23. pollen wall, interapertural area

pollen wall, interapertural area

24. pollen wall, interapertural area

pollen wall, interapertural area

25. pollen wall, interapertural area

pollen wall, interapertural area

26. pollen wall, interapertural area

cytoplasma with vegetative nucleus, generative cell, starch, lipids

27. cytoplasma with vegetative nucleus, generative cell, starch, lipids

Ubisch bodies on loculus wall

28. Ubisch bodies on loculus wall

Picture legend

  1. habitus, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  2. habitus, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  3. 2-celled pollen - dry, rehydrated (water), aceto-carmine, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  4. acetolysed pollen, upper focus - dry, acetolyzed, unstained, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  5. acetolysed pollen, optical section - dry, acetolyzed, unstained, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  6. acetolysed pollen, lower focus - dry, acetolyzed, unstained, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  7. hydrated pollen - dry, rehydrated (water), unstained, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  8. hydrated pollen - dry, rehydrated (water), unstained, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  9. starch - dry, rehydrated (water), iodine, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  10. hydrated pollen grain - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
  11. hydrated pollen - dry, rehydration (water) & DMP & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  12. hydrated pollen grain - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
  13. aperture - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
  14. aperture - dry, rehydration (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  15. exine surface - dry, rehydration (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  16. exine surface - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
  17. dry pollen grains - dry, sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
  18. dry pollen grains - dry, sputter coated with gold, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  19. Ubisch bodies on inner anther wall - dry, rehydration (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  20. cross section of pollen grain - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, potassium permanganate, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  21. pollen wall in aperture area, Ubisch bodies on loculus wall - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, uranyl acetate & lead citrate, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  22. pollen wall, aperture area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, modified Thiéry-test, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  23. pollen wall, interapertural area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, modified Thiéry-test, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  24. pollen wall, interapertural area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, uranyl acetate & lead citrate, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  25. pollen wall, interapertural area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, lipid-test, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  26. pollen wall, interapertural area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, potassium permanganate, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  27. cytoplasma with vegetative nucleus, generative cell, starch, lipids - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, lipid-test, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  28. Ubisch bodies on loculus wall - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, modified Thiéry-test, photographer: Ulrich, S.

Literature

  • Clarke GCS, Jones MR (1977) Plantaginaceae. Rev Palaeobot Palynol 24: 129-154
  • Hammer K (1978) Entwicklungstendenzen blütenökologischer Merkmale bei Plantago. Flora 167: 41-56
  • Leereveld H, Meeuse ADJ, Stelleman P (1976) Anthecological relations between reputedly anemophilous flowers and syrphid flies. II. Plantago media L. Acta Bot Neerl 25: 205-211
  • Primack RB (1978) Evolutionary aspects of wind pollination in the genus Plantago (Plantaginaceae). New Phytol 81: 449-458
  • Stelleman P (1984) The significance of biotic pollination in a nominally anemophilous plant: Plantago lanceolata. Proc Kon Ned Akad Wet, ser C 87: 95-119
  • Stelleman P, Meeuse ADJ (1976) Anthecological relations between reputedly anemophilous flowers and syrphid flies. I. The possible role of syrphid flies as pollinators of Plantago. Tijdschr Entom 119: 15-31
  • Ubera JL, Galán C, Guerrero FH (1988) Palynological study of the genus Plantago in the Iberian Peninsula. Grana 27: 1-15

Copyright and Citation

Cite this publication as:

Ulrich S., Halbritter H. 2012. Plantago major. In: PalDat - A palynological database. https://www.paldat.org/pub/Plantago_major/206598;jsessionid=A14DF33BF8F3FF88A77468427CAEE4C4; accessed 2024-04-18

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