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PalDat - Palynological Database

an online publication on recent pollen

Plantago major

Taxonomy: Angiospermae, Lamiales, Plantaginaceae, Plantago

Links: http://flora.nhm-wien.ac.at/Seiten-Arten/Plantago-major.htm

Published: 2020-12-17

Pollen Description

Shape, Size and Aperture

pollen unit: monad,  dispersal unit and peculiarities: monad,  size (pollen unit): small (10-25 µm),  size of hydrated pollen (LM): 21-25 µm,  shortest polar axis in equatorial view (LM): -,  longest polar axis in equatorial view (LM): -,  shortest diameter in equatorial or polar view (LM): 21-25 µm,  longest diameter in equatorial or polar view (LM): 16-20 µm,  pollen class: porate,  polarity: isopolar,  P/E-ratio: -,  shape: spheroidal,  outline in polar view: circular,  dominant orientation (LM): polar,  P/E-ratio (dry pollen): -,  shape (dry pollen): irregular,  outline in polar view (dry pollen): irregular,  infoldings (dry pollen): irregularly infolded,  aperture number: 6,  aperture type: porus,  aperture condition: porate, pantoporate,  aperture peculiarities: aperture membrane ornamented, pantoaperturate

Ornamentation and Structure

LMornamentation LM: verrucate, scabrate, gemmate,  nexine: present,  sexine: absent,  SEMornamentation SEM: microechinate, verrucate, perforate,  suprasculpture SEM: -,  TEMtectum: eutectate,  infratectum: columellate,  foot layer: discontinuous,  endexine: compact-discontinuous,  intine: bilayered,  wall peculiarities: -,  supratectal element: -

Miscellaneous

pollen coatings: absent,  reserves in cytoplasm: starch,  cell number: 2-celled,  Ubisch bodies: present

Annotations: endexine and footlayer discontinuous

Author(s) of diagnosis: Halbritter, Heidemarie; Ulrich, Silvia; Auer, Waltraud

Pictures

habitus

1. habitus

habitus

2. habitus

2-celled pollen

3. 2-celled pollen

acetolysed pollen, upper focus

4. acetolysed pollen, upper focus

acetolysed pollen, optical section

5. acetolysed pollen, optical section

acetolysed pollen, lower focus

6. acetolysed pollen, lower focus

hydrated pollen

7. hydrated pollen

hydrated pollen

8. hydrated pollen

starch

9. starch

hydrated pollen

10. hydrated pollen

hydrated pollen

11. hydrated pollen

hydrated pollen

12. hydrated pollen

hydrated pollen grain

13. hydrated pollen grain

hydrated pollen grain

14. hydrated pollen grain

aperture

15. aperture

aperture

16. aperture

exine surface

17. exine surface

exine surface

18. exine surface

dry pollen grains

19. dry pollen grains

dry pollen grains

20. dry pollen grains

Ubisch bodies on inner anther wall

21. Ubisch bodies on inner anther wall

cross section of pollen grain

22. cross section of pollen grain

pollen wall in aperture area, Ubisch bodies on loculus wall

23. pollen wall in aperture area, Ubisch bodies on loculus wall

pollen wall, aperture area

24. pollen wall, aperture area

pollen wall, interapertural area

25. pollen wall, interapertural area

pollen wall, interapertural area

26. pollen wall, interapertural area

pollen wall, interapertural area

27. pollen wall, interapertural area

pollen wall, interapertural area

28. pollen wall, interapertural area

cytoplasma with vegetative nucleus, generative cell, starch, lipids

29. cytoplasma with vegetative nucleus, generative cell, starch, lipids

Ubisch bodies on loculus wall

30. Ubisch bodies on loculus wall

Picture legend

  1. habitus, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  2. habitus, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  3. 2-celled pollen - dry, rehydrated (water), aceto-carmine, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  4. acetolysed pollen, upper focus - dry, acetolyzed, unstained, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  5. acetolysed pollen, optical section - dry, acetolyzed, unstained, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  6. acetolysed pollen, lower focus - dry, acetolyzed, unstained, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  7. hydrated pollen - dry, rehydrated (water), unstained, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  8. hydrated pollen - dry, rehydrated (water), unstained, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  9. starch - dry, rehydrated (water), iodine, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  10. hydrated pollen - fresh, glycerine, unstained, photographer: Auer, W.
  11. hydrated pollen - fresh, glycerine, ruthenium red, photographer: Auer, W.
  12. hydrated pollen - fresh, glycerine, ruthenium red, photographer: Auer, W.
  13. hydrated pollen grain - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
  14. hydrated pollen grain - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
  15. aperture - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
  16. aperture - dry, rehydration (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  17. exine surface - dry, rehydration (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  18. exine surface - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
  19. dry pollen grains - dry, sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
  20. dry pollen grains - dry, sputter coated with gold, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  21. Ubisch bodies on inner anther wall - dry, rehydration (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  22. cross section of pollen grain - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, potassium permanganate, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  23. pollen wall in aperture area, Ubisch bodies on loculus wall - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, uranyl acetate & lead citrate, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  24. pollen wall, aperture area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, modified Thiéry-test, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  25. pollen wall, interapertural area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, modified Thiéry-test, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  26. pollen wall, interapertural area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, uranyl acetate & lead citrate, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  27. pollen wall, interapertural area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, lipid-test, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  28. pollen wall, interapertural area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, potassium permanganate, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  29. cytoplasma with vegetative nucleus, generative cell, starch, lipids - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, lipid-test, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  30. Ubisch bodies on loculus wall - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, modified Thiéry-test, photographer: Ulrich, S.

Literature

  • Clarke GCS, Jones MR (1977) Plantaginaceae. Rev Palaeobot Palynol 24: 129-154
  • Hammer K (1978) Entwicklungstendenzen blütenökologischer Merkmale bei Plantago. Flora 167: 41-56
  • Leereveld H, Meeuse ADJ, Stelleman P (1976) Anthecological relations between reputedly anemophilous flowers and syrphid flies. II. Plantago media L. Acta Bot Neerl 25: 205-211
  • Primack RB (1978) Evolutionary aspects of wind pollination in the genus Plantago (Plantaginaceae). New Phytol 81: 449-458
  • Stelleman P (1984) The significance of biotic pollination in a nominally anemophilous plant: Plantago lanceolata. Proc Kon Ned Akad Wet, ser C 87: 95-119
  • Stelleman P, Meeuse ADJ (1976) Anthecological relations between reputedly anemophilous flowers and syrphid flies. I. The possible role of syrphid flies as pollinators of Plantago. Tijdschr Entom 119: 15-31
  • Ubera JL, Galán C, Guerrero FH (1988) Palynological study of the genus Plantago in the Iberian Peninsula. Grana 27: 1-15
  • Halbritter, H (1998) Preparing living pollen material for scanning electron microscopy using 2,2-dimethoxypropane (DMP) and criticalpoint drying. Biotechnic Histochem 73: 137–143

Copyright and Citation

Cite this publication as:

Halbritter H., Ulrich S., Auer W. 2020. Plantago major. In: PalDat - A palynological database. https://www.paldat.org/pub/Plantago_major/304544;jsessionid=7A94E76B7CF4D4F7592857556DE665C1; accessed 2024-03-28

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