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an online publication on recent pollen

Plantago media

Taxonomy: Spermatophyta, Scrophulariales, Plantaginaceae, Plantago

Published: 2012-12-10

Pollen Description

Shape, Size and Aperture

pollen unit: monad,  dispersal unit and peculiarities: monad,  size (pollen unit): medium-sized (26-50 µm),  size of hydrated pollen (LM): -,  shortest polar axis in equatorial view (LM): -,  longest polar axis in equatorial view (LM): -,  shortest diameter in equatorial or polar view (LM): -,  longest diameter in equatorial or polar view (LM): -,  pollen class: porate,  polarity: isopolar,  P/E-ratio: -,  shape: spheroidal,  outline in polar view: circular,  dominant orientation (LM): -,  P/E-ratio (dry pollen): -,  shape (dry pollen): irregular,  outline in polar view (dry pollen): irregular,  infoldings (dry pollen): irregularly infolded,  aperture number: >6,  aperture type: -,  aperture condition: porate,  aperture peculiarities: pantoaperturate, aperture membrane ornamented

Ornamentation and Structure

LMornamentation LM: verrucate,  nexine: present,  sexine: present,  SEMornamentation SEM: microechinate, verrucate, perforate,  suprasculpture SEM: -,  TEMtectum: eutectate,  infratectum: columellate,  foot layer: discontinuous,  endexine: compact-discontinuous,  intine: bilayered,  wall peculiarities: -,  supratectal element: -

Miscellaneous

pollen coatings: absent,  reserves in cytoplasm: starch,  cell number: 2-celled,  Ubisch bodies: present

Author(s) of diagnosis: Ulrich, S.

Pictures

flowers of Plantago media

1. flowers of Plantago media

habitus of Plantago media

2. habitus of Plantago media

habitus of Plantago media

3. habitus of Plantago media

inflorescence of Plantago media

4. inflorescence of Plantago media

pollen with starch

5. pollen with starch

2-celled pollen

6. 2-celled pollen

hydrated pollen

7. hydrated pollen

2-celled pollen

8. 2-celled pollen

acetolysed pollen, upper focus

9. acetolysed pollen, upper focus

acetolysed pollen, optical section

10. acetolysed pollen, optical section

acetolysed pollen, lower focus

11. acetolysed pollen, lower focus

hydrated pollen

12. hydrated pollen

pollen with starch

13. pollen with starch

hydrated pollen grain

14. hydrated pollen grain

hydrated pollen

15. hydrated pollen

aperture

16. aperture

aperture

17. aperture

detail of aperture

18. detail of aperture

aperture, ornamented aperture membrane

19. aperture, ornamented aperture membrane

detail of exine surface

20. detail of exine surface

exine surface

21. exine surface

dry pollen grains

22. dry pollen grains

dry pollen grain

23. dry pollen grain

Ubisch bodies on inner anther wall

24. Ubisch bodies on inner anther wall

cross section of pollen grain

25. cross section of pollen grain

pollen wall, aperture area

26. pollen wall, aperture area

pollen wall, aperture area

27. pollen wall, aperture area

pollen wall, aperture area

28. pollen wall, aperture area

pollen wall, aperture area

29. pollen wall, aperture area

pollen wall, aperture area

30. pollen wall, aperture area

pollen wall, aperture area

31. pollen wall, aperture area

pollen wall, interapertural area

32. pollen wall, interapertural area

pollen wall, interapertural area

33. pollen wall, interapertural area

pollen wall, interapertural area

34. pollen wall, interapertural area

pollen wall, interapertural area

35. pollen wall, interapertural area

pollen wall, interapertural area, endexine clearly visible

36. pollen wall, interapertural area, endexine clearly visible

generative cell

37. generative cell

cytoplasm with vegetative nucleus (and nucleolus), generative cell (left)

38. cytoplasm with vegetative nucleus (and nucleolus), generative cell (left)

Ubisch bodies on loculus wall

39. Ubisch bodies on loculus wall

Picture legend

  1. flowers of Plantago media, photographer: Bombosi, P.
  2. habitus of Plantago media, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  3. habitus of Plantago media, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  4. inflorescence of Plantago media, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  5. pollen with starch - dry, rehydrated (water), iodine, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  6. 2-celled pollen - dry, rehydrated (water), aceto-carmine, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  7. hydrated pollen - dry, rehydrated (water), unstained, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  8. 2-celled pollen - dry, rehydrated (water), aceto-carmine, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  9. acetolysed pollen, upper focus - dry, acetolyzed, unstained, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  10. acetolysed pollen, optical section - dry, acetolyzed, unstained, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  11. acetolysed pollen, lower focus - dry, acetolyzed, unstained, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  12. hydrated pollen - dry, rehydrated (water), unstained, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  13. pollen with starch - dry, rehydrated (water), iodine, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  14. hydrated pollen grain - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Bombosi, P.
  15. hydrated pollen - dry, rehydration (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  16. aperture - dry, rehydration (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  17. aperture - dry, rehydration (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  18. detail of aperture - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Bombosi, P.
  19. aperture, ornamented aperture membrane - dry, rehydration (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  20. detail of exine surface - dry, rehydration (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  21. exine surface - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Bombosi, P.
  22. dry pollen grains - dry, sputter coated with gold, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  23. dry pollen grain - dry, sputter coated with gold, photographer: Bombosi, P.
  24. Ubisch bodies on inner anther wall - dry, rehydration (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  25. cross section of pollen grain - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, uranyl acetate & lead citrate, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  26. pollen wall, aperture area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, uranyl acetate & lead citrate, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  27. pollen wall, aperture area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, uranyl acetate & lead citrate, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  28. pollen wall, aperture area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, uranyl acetate & lead citrate, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  29. pollen wall, aperture area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, modified Thiéry-test, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  30. pollen wall, aperture area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, lipid-test, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  31. pollen wall, aperture area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, potassium permanganate, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  32. pollen wall, interapertural area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, uranyl acetate & lead citrate, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  33. pollen wall, interapertural area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, modified Thiéry-test, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  34. pollen wall, interapertural area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, lipid-test, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  35. pollen wall, interapertural area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, lipid-test, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  36. pollen wall, interapertural area, endexine clearly visible - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, potassium permanganate, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  37. generative cell - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, lipid-test, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  38. cytoplasm with vegetative nucleus (and nucleolus), generative cell (left) - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, modified Thiéry-test, photographer: Ulrich, S.
  39. Ubisch bodies on loculus wall - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, lipid-test, photographer: Ulrich, S.

Literature

  • Clarke GCS, Jones MR (1977) Plantaginaceae. Rev Palaeobot Palynol 24: 129-154
  • Hammer K (1978) Entwicklungstendenzen blütenökologischer Merkmale bei Plantago. Flora 167: 41-56
  • Leereveld H, Meeuse ADJ, Stelleman P (1976) Anthecological relations between reputedly anemophilous flowers and syrphid flies. II. Plantago media L. Acta Bot Neerl 25: 205-211
  • Primack RB (1978) Evolutionary aspects of wind pollination in the genus Plantago (Plantaginaceae). New Phytol 81: 449-458
  • Stelleman P (1984) The significance of biotic pollination in a nominally anemophilous plant: Plantago lanceolata. Proc Kon Ned Akad Wet, ser C 87: 95-119
  • Stelleman P, Meeuse ADJ (1976) Anthecological relations between reputedly anemophilous flowers and syrphid flies. I. The possible role of syrphid flies as pollinators of Plantago. Tijdschr Entom 119: 15-31
  • Ubera JL, Galán C, Guerrero FH (1988) Palynological study of the genus Plantago in the Iberian Peninsula. Grana 27: 1-15

Copyright and Citation

Cite this publication as:

Ulrich S., Bombosi P. 2012. Plantago media. In: PalDat - A palynological database. https://www.paldat.org/pub/Plantago_media/206602;jsessionid=FB41A79D18951508C07288F53A2C0ED4; accessed 2024-04-18

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