Plantago media
Taxonomy: Angiospermae, Lamiales, Plantaginaceae, Plantago
Published: 2016-03-01
Pollen Description
Shape, Size and Aperture
pollen unit: monad, dispersal unit and peculiarities: monad, size (pollen unit): medium-sized (26-50 µm), size of hydrated pollen (LM): -, shortest polar axis in equatorial view (LM): -, longest polar axis in equatorial view (LM): -, shortest diameter in equatorial or polar view (LM): -, longest diameter in equatorial or polar view (LM): -, pollen class: porate, polarity: isopolar, P/E-ratio: -, shape: spheroidal, outline in polar view: circular, dominant orientation (LM): -, P/E-ratio (dry pollen): -, shape (dry pollen): irregular, outline in polar view (dry pollen): irregular, infoldings (dry pollen): irregularly infolded, aperture number: >6, aperture type: porus, aperture condition: porate, pantoporate, aperture peculiarities: aperture membrane ornamented, pantoaperturate
Ornamentation and Structure
LM ornamentation LM: verrucate, nexine: present, sexine: present, SEM ornamentation SEM: microechinate, verrucate, perforate, suprasculpture SEM: -, TEM tectum: eutectate, infratectum: columellate, foot layer: discontinuous, endexine: compact-discontinuous, intine: bilayered, wall peculiarities: -, supratectal element: -
Miscellaneous
pollen coatings: absent, reserves in cytoplasm: starch, cell number: 2-celled, Ubisch bodies: present
Author(s) of diagnosis: Bombosi, Paula; Ulrich, Silvia
Pictures
1. flowers of Plantago media
2. inflorescence of Plantago media
3. 2-celled pollen
4. 2-celled pollen
5. acetolysed pollen, upper focus
6. acetolysed pollen, optical section
7. acetolysed pollen, lower focus
8. hydrated pollen
9. pollen with starch
10. hydrated pollen grain
11. hydrated pollen
12. aperture
13. aperture
14. detail of aperture
15. aperture, ornamented aperture membrane
16. detail of exine surface
17. exine surface
18. dry pollen grains
19. dry pollen grain
20. Ubisch bodies on inner anther wall
21. cross section of pollen grain
22. pollen wall, aperture area
23. pollen wall, aperture area
24. pollen wall, aperture area
25. pollen wall, aperture area
26. pollen wall, aperture area
27. pollen wall, aperture area
28. pollen wall, interapertural area
29. pollen wall, interapertural area
30. pollen wall, interapertural area
31. pollen wall, interapertural area
32. pollen wall, interapertural area, endexine clearly visible
33. generative cell
34. cytoplasm with vegetative nucleus (and nucleolus), generative cell (left)
35. Ubisch bodies on loculus wall
Picture legend
- flowers of Plantago media, photographer: Bombosi, P.
- inflorescence of Plantago media, photographer: Ulrich, S.
- 2-celled pollen - dry, rehydrated (water), aceto-carmine, photographer: Ulrich, S.
- 2-celled pollen - dry, rehydrated (water), aceto-carmine, photographer: Ulrich, S.
- acetolysed pollen, upper focus - dry, acetolyzed, unstained, photographer: Ulrich, S.
- acetolysed pollen, optical section - dry, acetolyzed, unstained, photographer: Ulrich, S.
- acetolysed pollen, lower focus - dry, acetolyzed, unstained, photographer: Ulrich, S.
- hydrated pollen - dry, rehydrated (water), unstained, photographer: Ulrich, S.
- pollen with starch - dry, rehydrated (water), iodine, photographer: Ulrich, S.
- hydrated pollen grain - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Bombosi, P.
- hydrated pollen - dry, rehydration (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Ulrich, S.
- aperture - dry, rehydration (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Ulrich, S.
- aperture - dry, rehydration (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Ulrich, S.
- detail of aperture - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Bombosi, P.
- aperture, ornamented aperture membrane - dry, rehydration (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Ulrich, S.
- detail of exine surface - dry, rehydration (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Ulrich, S.
- exine surface - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Bombosi, P.
- dry pollen grains - dry, sputter coated with gold, photographer: Ulrich, S.
- dry pollen grain - dry, sputter coated with gold, photographer: Bombosi, P.
- Ubisch bodies on inner anther wall - dry, rehydration (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Ulrich, S.
- cross section of pollen grain - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, uranyl acetate & lead citrate, photographer: Ulrich, S.
- pollen wall, aperture area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, uranyl acetate & lead citrate, photographer: Ulrich, S.
- pollen wall, aperture area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, uranyl acetate & lead citrate, photographer: Ulrich, S.
- pollen wall, aperture area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, uranyl acetate & lead citrate, photographer: Ulrich, S.
- pollen wall, aperture area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, modified Thiéry-test, photographer: Ulrich, S.
- pollen wall, aperture area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, lipid-test, photographer: Ulrich, S.
- pollen wall, aperture area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, potassium permanganate, photographer: Ulrich, S.
- pollen wall, interapertural area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, uranyl acetate & lead citrate, photographer: Ulrich, S.
- pollen wall, interapertural area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, modified Thiéry-test, photographer: Ulrich, S.
- pollen wall, interapertural area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, lipid-test, photographer: Ulrich, S.
- pollen wall, interapertural area - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, lipid-test, photographer: Ulrich, S.
- pollen wall, interapertural area, endexine clearly visible - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, potassium permanganate, photographer: Ulrich, S.
- generative cell - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, lipid-test, photographer: Ulrich, S.
- cytoplasm with vegetative nucleus (and nucleolus), generative cell (left) - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, modified Thiéry-test, photographer: Ulrich, S.
- Ubisch bodies on loculus wall - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, lipid-test, photographer: Ulrich, S.
Literature
- (1977) Plantaginaceae. Rev Palaeobot Palynol 24: 129-154
- (1978) Entwicklungstendenzen blütenökologischer Merkmale bei Plantago. Flora 167: 41-56
- (1976) Anthecological relations between reputedly anemophilous flowers and syrphid flies. II. Plantago media L. Acta Bot Neerl 25: 205-211
- (1978) Evolutionary aspects of wind pollination in the genus Plantago (Plantaginaceae). New Phytol 81: 449-458
- (1984) The significance of biotic pollination in a nominally anemophilous plant: Plantago lanceolata. Proc Kon Ned Akad Wet, ser C 87: 95-119
- (1976) Anthecological relations between reputedly anemophilous flowers and syrphid flies. I. The possible role of syrphid flies as pollinators of Plantago. Tijdschr Entom 119: 15-31
- (1988) Palynological study of the genus Plantago in the Iberian Peninsula. Grana 27: 1-15
- (1998) Preparing living pollen material for scanning electron microscopy using 2,2-dimethoxypropane (DMP) and criticalpoint drying. Biotechnic Histochem 73: 137–143
Copyright and Citation
Cite this publication as:
Bombosi P., Ulrich S. 2016. Plantago media. In: PalDat - A palynological database. https://www.paldat.org/pub/Plantago_media/300508;jsessionid=D5F8009F3C3EEE6BC5B60D95ABD37FFE; accessed 2024-04-16