Forgot your password?
New to PalDat?
 
 
Login
PalDat Logo

PalDat - Palynological Database

an online publication on recent pollen

Polygala chamaebuxus

Taxonomy: Spermatophyta, Polygalales, Polygalaceae, Polygala

Published: 2005-06-01

Pollen Description

Shape, Size and Aperture

pollen unit: monad,  dispersal unit and peculiarities: monad,  size (pollen unit): large (51-100 µm),  size of hydrated pollen (LM): -,  shortest polar axis in equatorial view (LM): -,  longest polar axis in equatorial view (LM): -,  shortest diameter in equatorial or polar view (LM): -,  longest diameter in equatorial or polar view (LM): -,  pollen class: -,  polarity: isopolar,  P/E-ratio: -,  shape: spheroidal,  outline in polar view: circular,  dominant orientation (LM): -,  P/E-ratio (dry pollen): prolate,  shape (dry pollen): -,  outline in polar view (dry pollen): irregular,  infoldings (dry pollen): aperture(s) sunken,  aperture number: >6,  aperture type: colporus,  aperture condition: colporate,  aperture peculiarities: aperture membrane ornamented

Ornamentation and Structure

LM  ornamentation LM: psilate,  nexine: -,  sexine: -,  SEM  ornamentation SEM: psilate,  suprasculpture SEM: -,  TEM  tectum: -,  infratectum: -,  foot layer: -,  endexine: -,  intine: -,  wall peculiarities: -,  supratectal element: -

Miscellaneous

pollen coatings: absent,  reserves in cytoplasm: -,  cell number: -,  Ubisch bodies: absent

Author(s) of diagnosis: Halbritter, H.

Pictures

flower(s)

1. flower(s)

slightly oblique polar view

2. slightly oblique polar view

detail of aperture

3. detail of aperture

detail of polar end of two neighbouring colpori

4. detail of polar end of two neighbouring colpori

dry pollen grains

5. dry pollen grains

dry pollen grain in equatorial view

6. dry pollen grain in equatorial view

Picture legend

  1. flower(s), photographer: Halbritter, H.
  2. slightly oblique polar view - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
  3. detail of aperture - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
  4. detail of polar end of two neighbouring colpori - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
  5. dry pollen grains - dry, sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
  6. dry pollen grain in equatorial view - dry, sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.

Literature

  • Aldridge J (1842) Memoir to determine the use of pollen in natural classification. J Bot 1: 575-601
  • Allen MY (1937) European bee plants and their pollen. Bee Kingdom League, Alexandria, Egypt : 164 pp
  • Andrew R (1984) A practical pollen guide to the British flora. Quaternary Res Bull Technical Guide I: 1-139
  • Arachi JX (1968) Pictorial presentation of Indian flora: Special study: Courtallam. St Xavier's college, Palayamkottai, S India : 1-193
  • Armbruster L, Jacobs J () Pollenformen und Honigherkunftbestimmung. Bücher des Archivs für Bienenkunde, Berlin 2: 1-122
  • Armbruster L, Oenike C (1929) Die Pollenformen als Mittel zur Honigherkunftbestimmung. Bücherei für Bienenkunde. Karl Wachholtz Verlag, Neumünster in Holstein X: 1-116, 23 pl
  • Arobra D (1976) Schede per una flora palinologica italiana contributo N(3. Archivio Botanico e Biogeografico Italiano 52: 9-57
  • Arreguin-Sanchez ML, Palacios-Chavez R, Quiroz-Garcia DL, Ramos-Zamora D (1988) Morfologia de los granos de polen de la familia Polygalaceae del Valle de Mexico. Acta Bot Mex 4: 21-27
  • Auer V, Salmi M, Salminen K (1955) Pollen and Spore types of Fuego - Patagonia. Ann Acad Scien Fennicae - Ser A, III 43: 1-14
  • Belmonte J, Pérez-Obiol R, Roure JM (1986) Claves para la determinación de los polenes de las principales especies melíferas de la Península Ibérica. Orsis 2: 27-54
  • Bennett AW (1875) Insects and flowers. Pop Sci Rev 14: 113-125
  • Bertsch K (1942) Lehrbuch der Pollenanalyse. Handbücher der praktischen Vorgeschichtsforschung. Verlag Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 3: 195 pp
  • Blackmore S, Barnes SH (1986) Harmomegathic mechanisms in pollen grains. In: Blackmore S., Ferguson I.K. (eds) Pollen and Spores: Form and Function. Academic Press, London : 137-149
  • Bonnefille R, Riollet G (1980) Pollens des savanes d'Afrique orientale. CNRS Paris : 140 pp, 113 pl
  • Braga R (1961) Palynological notes - 3. Contribution to the study of the pollen morphology of genus Polygala L. Tribuna Farm, Brasil 29: 54-55
  • Chauhan MS, Bera SK (1990) Pollen morphology of some important plants of tropical deciduous sal forest, District Sidhi, Madhya Pradesh. Geophytology 20: 30-36
  • De LW, Matarese PR, Rossitto M, Zizza A (1989) Contributo alla conoscenza di taxa endemici della Sicilia attraverso l'analisi morfobiometrica del polline. Acta Botánica Malacitana 14: 117-128
  • De LW, Piccione V, Zizza A, Santoro M (1986) Flora Palinologica Italiana: Atlante-Glossario. Boll Acc Gioenia Sci Nat 19: 5-82
  • Devadoss HPK (1988) Pollen morphology of some Angiosperms from the scrub vegetation of the Madras Christian College Campus. M Phil Madras University (Botany, Palaeobotany), India : 166 pp, 7 pl
  • Diez MJ (1987) Agavaceae, Anacardiaceae, Apocynaceae, Arecaceae (Palmae), Asclepiadaceae, Asteraceae (Compositae), Betulaceae, Boraginaceae, Brassicaceae (Cruciferae), Callitrichaceae, Campanulaceae, Capparaceae, Caprifoliaceae, Ceratophyllaceae, Clusiaceae (Guttiferae) In: Valdés B., Díez M.J., Fernández I. (eds) Atlas polínico de Andalucía occidental. Inst de Desarrollo Regional 43, Univ de Sevilla
  • Dimbleby G (1967) Plants and Archaeology. John Baker, London : 187 pp
  • Edgeworth MP (1877) Pollen. Hardwicke & Bogue, London : 92 pp, 24 pl
  • El-Ghazaly G (1992) Pollen flora of Qatar. Scientific and Applied Research Center, Univ of Qatar : 429 pp
  • El-Ghazaly G (1993) Development of endexine in pollen grains of some Monocots. In: Abstracts. XV International Botanical Congress, Yokohama, Japan
  • El-Ghazaly G, Chaudhary R (1993) Morphology and taxonomic application of orbicules (Ubisch bodies) in the genus Euphorbia. Grana Suppl 2: 26-32
  • Erdtman G (1943) An introduction to pollen analysis. The Ronald Press Company, New York
  • Erdtman G (1952) Pollen morphology and plant taxonomy. Angiosperms. Almquist & Wiksell, Stockholm
  • Erdtman G (1963) Introduction to Palynology. Natur Och Kultur, Stockholm : 198 pp, 18 pl
  • Erdtman G (1969) Handbook of Palynology. Morphology - Taxonomy - Ecology. An introduction to the study of pollen grains and spores. Munksgaard édit, Copenhagen : 486 pp
  • Erdtman G (1944) The systematic position of the genus Diclidanthera Mart. Bot Not 38: 80-84
  • Erdtman GEA (1961) An introduction to a scandinavian pollen flora. Grana Palynologica 2: 3-92
  • Erdtman GEA (1963) An introduction to a scandinavian pollen flora - II. Almquist & Wiksell, Uppsala : 1-89
  • Eriksen B (1993) Phylogeny of the Polygalaceae and its taxonomic implications. In: Eriksen B., Taxonomical studies in the Polygalaceae and Valerianaceae. Thesis, University of Göteborg V: 1-17
  • Fægri KEA (1964) Text book of pollen analysis. Scandinavian University Books, Munksgaard : 1-237
  • Ferguson IK (1979) Pollen in taxonomy. Central Association of Bee Keepers, Essex : 18 pp
  • Fischer H (1890) Beiträge zur vergleichenden Morphologie der Pollenkörner. Breslau (Thesis) : 1-72
  • Fritzsche J (1832) Beiträge zur Kenntnis des Pollen. Berlin, Stettin und Elbing : 48 pp, 2 pl
  • Furness SH, Stafford PJ (1995) Polygalaceae. The Northwest European Pollen Flora 55. Rev Palaeobot Palynol 88: 61-82
  • Gagnepain F (1898) A travers les pollens indigènes. Bull Soc Hist Nat Autun 11: 217-238
  • Gaur RD (1978) Pollen flora of meerut. In: Abstract. 2nd Ind Palynol Conf Bangalore 20
  • Gonzalez QL (1969) Morfologia polinica: la flora del valle del Mezquital, Hidalgo. Palaeoecologia, Mexico 3: 1-185
  • Graham A (1963) Palynology with special reference to palynological studies in Michigan. The Michigan Botanist 2: 35-44
  • Gupta HP, Sharma C (1986) Pollen flora of North-West Himalaya. Indian Association of Palynostratigraphers, Lucknow : 181 pp, 29 pl
  • Hallé N (1970) Rubiacées (2ème partie). Fl Gabon 17: 1-335
  • Hansgirg A (1897) Beiträge zur Biologie und Morphologie des Pollens. Sitzber Böhm Ges Wiss Prag Jahrb XXIII: 1-76
  • Hassall AH (1842) Observations on the structure of the pollen granule, considered principally in reference to its eligibility as a means of classification. Ann Mag Nat Hist 8 & 9: 92-108, 544-573
  • Heusser CJ (1971) Pollen and Spores of Chile. Univ Arizona Press, Tucson : 1-167
  • Huang TC (1968) Pollen grains of Formosan plants. IV. Taiwania 14: 133-270
  • Huang TC (1972) Pollen flora of Taiwan. National Taiwan Univ, Botany Dept Press : 297 pp
  • Ikuse M (1956) Pollen grains of Japan. Hirokawa Publishing Co, Tokyo I-XII: 1-304
  • Jain RK, Nanda S (1966) Pollen morphology of some desert plants of Pilani, Rajasthan. Palynological Bull Lucknow II & III: 56-69
  • Jones GD, Bryant VM, Lieux MH, Jones SD, Lingren PD (1995) Pollen of the Southeastern United States: with emphasis on melissopalynology and entomopalynology. AASP Contrib Series 30: 76 pp, 104 pl
  • Kapp RO (1969) How to know pollen and spores. Nature series. Wm C Brown Company publisher, Dubuque, Iowa X: 249 pp, 499 figs
  • Khan HA (1976) The Thalamiflorae - an analysis of pollen morphology. Aspects Pl Sci 1: 53-72
  • Kuprianova LA (1965) The palynology of the Amentiferae. Nauka, Akad Sci USSR, VL Komarov Inst Bot : 214 pp
  • Kuprianova LA, Alyoshina LA (1978) Pollen dicotyledonearum Florae Partis Europaeae USSR. Lamiaceae - Zygophyllaceae. Nauka, Akad Sci USSR, VL Komarov Inst Bot : 184 pp
  • Larson DA, Skvarla JJ (1961) The morphology and fine structure of pollen of Polygala alba Nutt. and P. incarnata L. Pollen et Spores 3: 21-32
  • Lingren PD, Bryant JVM, Raulston JR, Pendleton M, Westbrook J, Jones GD (1993) Adult feeding host range and migratory activities of corn earworm, cabbage looper and celery looper (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) moths as evidenced by attached pollen. Journal of Economic Entomology 86: 1429-1439
  • Lobreau-Callen D, Straka H, Friedrich B (1984) Fam. 99-110. Microscopie électronique à balayage et addenda. In: Straka H. (ed) Palynologia Madagassica et Mascarenica, Addenda and REM : 27-51
  • Merxmüller H, Heubl GR (1983) Karyologische und palynologische Studien zur Verwandtschaft der Polygala chamaebuxus L. Bot Helv 93: 133-144
  • Mohl H (1834) Über den Bau und die Formen der Pollenkörner. Beiträge zur Anatomie und Physiologie der Gewächse. Erstes Heft. Bern 4: 130 pp, 6 pl
  • Mohl H (1835) Sur la structure et les formes des graines de pollen. Ann Sci Nat, Ser 2 3: 148-180, 220-236, 304-346
  • Moore PD, Webb JA (1978) An illustrated guide to pollen analysis. Hodder & Stoughton Ltd, Kent : 133 pp
  • Moore PD, Webb JA, Collinson ME (1991) Pollen analysis. Blackwell Scientific Publications. Second Edition : 216 pp
  • Nagamitsu T, Nagamasu H (1994) Keys for the pollen of Ashiu, Central Japan. Contrib Biol Lab Kyoto Univ 28: 261-355
  • Nair PKK (1965) Pollen grains of Western Himalayan Plants. Asia Monographs, India 1 VIII: 1-102
  • Nakamura J (1980) Diagnostic characters of pollen grains of Japan - I & II. Spec Publ Osaka Mus Nat Hist 12: 157 pl
  • Nakamura J (1980) Diagnostic characters of pollen grains of Japan - I & II. Spec Publ Osaka Mus Nat Hist 13: 91 pp
  • Nauman CE (1981) Polygala grandiflora Walter (Polygalaceae) re-examined. Sida 9: 1-18
  • Paiva J, Santos DJD (1990) The pollen grain of Polygala fruticosa Berg (Polygalaceae). Anales Jard Bot Madrid 47: 377-385
  • Palacios-Chavez R, Arreguin-Sánchez ML, Quiroz-Garcia DL (1990) Flora polínica de Chamela, Jalisco (Familias Alismaceae, Anacardiaceae, Begoniaceae, Bixaceae, Cochlospermaceae, Hernandiaceae y Polygalaceae). Cuadernos de trabajo INAH 42: 95-112
  • Palacios-Chavez R, Ludlow-Wiechers B, Villanueva GR (1991) Flora palinologica de la Reserva de la Biosfera de Sian Ka'an, Quintana Roo, Mexico. Centro de Investigaciones de Quintana Roo : 321 pp
  • Parmentier P (1901) Recherches morphologiques sur le pollen des Dialypétales. Journ de Bot : 15-166, 194-204, 218-222, 419-422
  • Perveen A, Ali T, Quaiser M (1994) Pollination types and pollen characters within flora of Karachi. Pak J Bot 26: 35-56
  • Phatak MS, Kumbhojkar MS (1992) Palyno-taxonomical study of the genus Polygala L. from Western Maharashtra. In: Abstracts. Proc of the 79° session of the Indian Science congress, Baroda : 47
  • Piccione V, Guerrini A, Aiello M, De LW (1989) Palcomp - 90. Generatore di schede palinologiche. In: Guerrini A. (ed) Flora palinologica siciliana, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche : 327 pp
  • Pla DJM (1961) Pollen. Talleres graficos DCP, Gerona
  • Purkinje JE (1830) De Cellulis antherarum fibrosis nec non de granorum pollinarium formis: Commentatio phytotomica. Pressburg : 58 pp, 18 tab
  • Rao AR, Shukla P (1975) Pollen flora of the Upper Gangetic plain. Today & Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers, New Dehli, India : 130 pp
  • Reille M (1995) Pollen et spores d'Europe et d'Afrique du Nord. Laboratoire de Botanique historique et Palynologie, Marseille : 327 pp, 276 pl
  • Reille M (1990) Lecons de palynologie et d'analyse pollinique. CNRS Paris : 206 pp
  • Reille M (1992) Pollen et spores d'Europe et d'Afrique du Nord. Laboratoire de Botanique historique et Palynologie, Marseille : 520 pp, 446 pl
  • Roubik DW, Moreno JE (1991) Pollen and spores of Barro Colorado Island. Monographs Syst Bot Missouri Bot Garden 36: 270 pp
  • Sadowska A, Kuszell T, Giza B (1993) Kartoteka Palynologiczna Roslin Polskich. Opelskie Towarzystwo Przyjaciol Nauk Zeszyty Przyrodnicze 29: 336-345
  • Samuelsson KE (1963) Photomicrography in Palynology. In: Erdtman G, Praglowski J, Nilsson S (eds) An introduction to a scandinavian pollen flora. Almquist & Wiksell, Stockholm : 65-70
  • Sawyer R (1981) Pollen identification for bee keepers. Univ College Cardiff Press : 111 pp
  • Serbanescu-Jitariu G, Mitroiu N, Radulescu D (1971) Morfologia polenului unor reprezentanti ai ordinului Rutales. In: Pop E. (ed) Progrese in palinologia romaneasca. Acad RSR, Bucuresti : 85-112
  • Shimakura M (1973) Palynomorphs of Japanese plants. Spec Publ Osaka Mus Nat Hist 5: 1-60
  • Simpson BB, Skvarla JJ (1981) Pollen morphology and ultrastructure of Krameria (Krameriaceae): untility in question of intrafamilial and interfamilial classification. Amer J Bot 68: 277-294
  • Sladkov AN (1967) Introduction to sporo-pollinique analysis. Publishing House, Nauka, Moscow : 1-270
  • Smith WG (1876) Notes on pollen. Garden Chronicle NS 6: 516-517, 548-549
  • Stachurska A, Sadowska A, Kuszell T (1981) Kartoteka Palynologiczna Roslin Polskich. Opolskie Towarzystwo Przyjaciol Nauk, Zeszyty Przyrodnicze 21: 257-266
  • Straka H (1975) Palynologia madagassica et Mascarenica. Pollen et Spores 17: 52-53, 56-57
  • Tarnavschi IT, Serbanescu-Jitariu G, Mitroiu-Radulescu N, Radulescu D (1990) Monografia polenului florei din România. Editura Academiei Române III: 98 pp, 94 pl
  • Ubera JL, Diez MJ (1994) Estudio del sistema apertural y estructura de la esporodermis en Polygala L. In: Polen y esporas: Contribución a su conocimiento. VIII Simposio de Palinologia, Tenerife : 125-130
  • Van Campo M (1950) Recherches sur la phylogénie des Abiétinées d'après leurs grains de pollen. Trav Lab For Toulouse II: 1-182
  • Van Campo M (1958) Palynologie africaine II. Bull IFAN 20: 753-760
  • Van Der HRWJM (1988) Palynology. In: van der Meijden R. (ed) Polygalaceae. Flora Malesiana, Ser 1 10: 457 pp
  • Villanueva E, Ramos A (1986) Contribución al estudio polínico de Polygala L. (Polygalaceae) en la Península Ibérica. An Jard Bot Madrid 42: 377-388
  • Wang FH (1960) Pollen grains of China. : 276 pp
  • Wang PL, Pu FT (1995) Pollen morphology of Bupleurum L. from Sino-Himalaya and it systematic significance. Chin J Appl Environ Biol 1: 34-43
  • Wuest J, Jeanmonod D (1988) Morphologie florale en microscopie électronique á balayage. Editions des Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques de Genéve : 167 pp
  • Ybert JP (1979) Atlas de pollens de Côte d'Ivoire. Initiat Doc Tech ORSTOM 40: 1-40, 25 pl
  • Zhang ZY, Lu AM, Pan KY, Wen J (1990) The anatomy, embryology and systematic relationships of Eucommiaceae. Acta Phytotax Sin 28: 430-441

Copyright and Citation

Cite this publication as:

Halbritter H. 2005. Polygala chamaebuxus. In: PalDat - A palynological database. https://www.paldat.org/pub/Polygala_chamaebuxus/110391;jsessionid=64554D3682F75E5BBE78DAF519018ED3; accessed 2024-04-20

Newer Publications