Helleborus foetidus
Taxonomy: Angiospermae, Ranunculales, Ranunculaceae, Helleborus
Links: http://flora.nhm-wien.ac.at/Seiten-Arten/Helleborus-foetidus.htm
Published: 2021-06-23
Pollen Description
Shape, Size and Aperture
pollen unit: monad, dispersal unit and peculiarities: monad, size (pollen unit): small (10-25 µm), size of hydrated pollen (LM): 26-30 µm, 21-25 µm, shortest polar axis in equatorial view (LM): 21-25 µm, longest polar axis in equatorial view (LM): -, shortest diameter in equatorial or polar view (LM): 26-30 µm, longest diameter in equatorial or polar view (LM): 26-30 µm, pollen class: colpate, polarity: isopolar, P/E-ratio: oblate, shape: -, outline in polar view: circular, dominant orientation (LM): oblique, P/E-ratio (dry pollen): prolate, shape (dry pollen): -, outline in polar view (dry pollen): lobate, infoldings (dry pollen): aperture(s) sunken, aperture number: 3, aperture type: colpus, aperture condition: tricolpate, colpate, aperture peculiarities: aperture membrane ornamented
Ornamentation and Structure
LM ornamentation LM: verrucate, gemmate, scabrate, nexine: -, sexine: -, SEM ornamentation SEM: microverrucate, microreticulate, suprasculpture SEM: -, TEM tectum: semitectate, infratectum: columellate, foot layer: continuous, endexine: compact-continuous, intine: monolayered, wall peculiarities: -, supratectal element: -
Miscellaneous
pollen coatings: pollenkitt, reserves in cytoplasm: lipids, starch, cell number: 2-celled, Ubisch bodies: present
Author(s) of diagnosis: Auer, Angelika; Halbritter, Heidemarie; Auer, Waltraud
Pictures
1. flower(s)
2. polar view (proximal)
3. optical section
4. polar view (distal)
5. generative cell (asterisk) and vegetative nucleus
6. hydrated Pollen
7. hydrated Pollen
8. hydrated Pollen
9. hydrated pollen grains
10. polar view
11. equatorial view
12. aperture
13. detail of aperture
14. exine surface
15. polar area
16. dry pollen grains
17. Ubisch bodies in loculus
18. interapertural area of pollen wall, intine (I), endexine (E)
19. apertural area of pollen wall, intine (I), endexine (E)
20. tapetum cells with Ubisch bodies (U)
Picture legend
- flower(s), photographer: Auer, A.
- polar view (proximal) - fresh, acetolyzed, unstained, photographer: Auer, A.
- optical section - fresh, acetolyzed, unstained, photographer: Auer, A.
- polar view (distal) - fresh, acetolyzed, unstained, photographer: Auer, A.
- generative cell (asterisk) and vegetative nucleus - fixed, formalin-acetic-alcohol, aceto-carmine, photographer: Auer, A.
- hydrated Pollen - fresh, glycerine, unstained, photographer: Auer, W.
- hydrated Pollen - fresh, glycerine, ruthenium red, photographer: Auer, W.
- hydrated Pollen - fresh, glycerine, ruthenium red, photographer: Auer, W.
- hydrated pollen grains - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
- polar view - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
- equatorial view - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
- aperture - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
- detail of aperture - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
- exine surface - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
- polar area - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
- dry pollen grains - fresh, sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
- Ubisch bodies in loculus - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
- interapertural area of pollen wall, intine (I), endexine (E) - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, modified Thiéry-test, photographer: Auer, A.
- apertural area of pollen wall, intine (I), endexine (E) - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, modified Thiéry-test, photographer: Auer, A.
- tapetum cells with Ubisch bodies (U) - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, uranyl acetate & lead citrate, photographer: Auer, A.
Literature
- (1968) The ultrastructure and ontogeny of pollen in Helleborus foetidus L. I. The development of the tapetum and ubisch bodies. J Cell Sci 3: 161-174
- (1968) The ultrastructure and ontogeny of pollen in Helleborus foetidus L. II. Pollen grain development through the callose special wall stage. J Cell Sci 3: 175-186
- (1969) The ultrastructure and ontogeny of pollen in Helleborus foetidus L. III. The formation of the pollen grain wall. J Cell Sci 5: 459-477
- (1986) The comportment of the vegetative nucleus and generative cell in the pollen and pollen tubes of Helleborus foetidus L. Ann Bot 58: 1-12
- (1983) A palynological study of the genus Helleborus (Ranunculaceae). Grana 22: 129-140
- (1998) Pollenmorphologie der Ranunculanae. Diplomarbeit. Universität Wien : 125 pp
- (1994) Exkursionsflora von Österreich : 1180
- (1998) Preparing living pollen material for scanning electron microscopy using 2,2-dimethoxypropane (DMP) and criticalpoint drying. Biotechnic Histochem 73: 137–143
Copyright and Citation
Cite this publication as:
Auer A., Halbritter H., Auer W. 2021. Helleborus foetidus. In: PalDat - A palynological database. https://www.paldat.org/pub/Helleborus_foetidus/306247;jsessionid=A7FBDF72DB181A632EFF0759244DD112; accessed 2025-11-04