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PalDat - Palynological Database

an online publication on recent pollen

Viola elatior

Taxonomy: Angiospermae, Malpighiales, Violaceae, Viola

Published: 2015-05-29

Pollen Description

Shape, Size and Aperture

pollen unit: monad,  dispersal unit and peculiarities: monad,  size (pollen unit): medium-sized (26-50 µm),  size of hydrated pollen (LM): -,  shortest polar axis in equatorial view (LM): -,  longest polar axis in equatorial view (LM): -,  shortest diameter in equatorial or polar view (LM): -,  longest diameter in equatorial or polar view (LM): -,  pollen class: colporate,  polarity: isopolar,  P/E-ratio: -,  shape: spheroidal,  outline in polar view: circular,  dominant orientation (LM): -,  P/E-ratio (dry pollen): prolate,  shape (dry pollen): -,  outline in polar view (dry pollen): lobate,  infoldings (dry pollen): aperture(s) sunken,  aperture number: 3,  aperture type: colporus,  aperture condition: colporate, tricolporate,  aperture peculiarities: aperture membrane ornamented

Ornamentation and Structure

LMornamentation LM: -,  nexine: -,  sexine: -,  SEMornamentation SEM: granulate, perforate,  suprasculpture SEM: -,  TEMtectum: -,  infratectum: -,  foot layer: -,  endexine: -,  intine: -,  wall peculiarities: -,  supratectal element: -

Miscellaneous

pollen coatings: -,  reserves in cytoplasm: -,  cell number: -,  Ubisch bodies: present

Annotations: colporus with indistinct porus

Author(s) of diagnosis: Halbritter, Heidemarie

Pictures

polar view

1. polar view

equatorial view

2. equatorial view

aperture

3. aperture

aperture detail

4. aperture detail

exine surface

5. exine surface

polar area

6. polar area

dry pollen

7. dry pollen

Ubisch bodies on locule wall

8. Ubisch bodies on locule wall

Picture legend

  1. polar view - dry, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
  2. equatorial view - dry, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
  3. aperture - dry, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
  4. aperture detail - dry, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
  5. exine surface - dry, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
  6. polar area - dry, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
  7. dry pollen - dry, sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.
  8. Ubisch bodies on locule wall - dry, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Halbritter, H.

Literature

    Copyright and Citation

    Cite this publication as:

    Halbritter H. 2015. Viola elatior. In: PalDat - A palynological database. https://www.paldat.org/pub/Viola_elatior/300115; accessed 2024-11-10